Climă/Teme de date INSPIRE (în conformitate cu anexele la Directiva 2007/2/CE ) / 2023_Romania_PaMs technical report.pdf

l sector; • Promotion of circular economy (recycling) for achieving the energy efficiency target by reducing consumption of energy used in the industry, in the processing of raw materials; Energy efficiency dimension: • Increasing energy efficiency in the industrial sectors regulated by ETS; Energy security dimension: • Assuring the flexibility of the energy system, through encouraging the development of energy storage capacities and high-efficiency cogeneration; 18 • Implementation of the Decarbonisation Plan of CE Oltenia, involving the development of new solar energy and micro-hydro- power capacities which will contribuite to the achievement of RES-E target and will ensure the diversification of energy sources. GEO no. 53/2019 on the approval of the multi-annual investment financing program for the modernisation, rehabilitation, expansion or establishment of centralised thermal energy supply systems - the Heating Program 2019-2027, financing new investment and ongoing projects. Currently, funding for 7 UATs (Arad – 3 investment objectives, Giurgiu, Gheorgheni, Iași, Brad, Vatra Dornei, Suceava) has been requested. PNRR - Component 6 Energy, addressing the main challenges of the energy sector in Romania in terms of decarbonisation and air pollution, ensuring the green transition and digitalisation of the energy sector by promoting the production of electricity from renewable sources, energy efficiency and future technologies. By PNRR, is envisaged: • Replacement of coal in the energy mix, by: decommissioning the installed coal-based electricity production capacities (in 2025: 3,780 MW compared to the 2021 reference value of 1,695 MW); partial replacement with a gas-based electricity production or a combined electricity and gas thermal energy production, allowing the use of renewable and low-carbon gases of 1,300 MW; additional energy capacity from renewable sources (wind and solar) of at least 3,000 MW, commissioned and connected to the grid • New capacities for electricity production from renewable sources (in 2024, additional 950 MW capacity of energy from renewable sources - wind and solar energy) • Gas distribution infrastructure from renewable sources (natural gas in combination with green hydrogen, as a transitional measure), as well as green hydrogen production capacities and/or its use for electricity storage • Flexible and highly efficient gas cogeneration capacities for the district heating sector (in 2025, 300 MW) • Ensuring energy efficiency in the industrial sector. The links between specific PaMs for this sector and their contribution to WEM projection scenario, including changes compared to previous submission are presented in the following table. Table 3-3 Energy industry - Contribution of PAMs, including changes compared to previous submission PaM Changes compared to previous PaM name ID submission 1 GD no. 739/2016 approving the National Climate Change and Low No, change, not included in the Carbon Green Growth Strategy for period 2016 – 2030 and the National projection scenario (previous ID 1) Action Plan for implementation of the National Climate Change and Low Carbon Green Growth Strategy for period 2016 – 2020 2 GD no. 877/2018 approving Romania’s Sustainable Development No change (previous ID2) Strategy 2030 3 Law no. 278/2013 on industrial emissions, including BAT Conclusion No change (previous ID3) 4 GD no. 780/2006 establishing the scheme for greenhouse gas emission No change (previous ID4) allowance trading, with with subsequent amendments (including GD no. 393/2020) - Commitments up to 2020 for non-ETS sectors (ESD), establishing the Not included in the projection Romania's GHG emission limit for 2020, compared to 2005 level, and scenario and PaMs tabel - the annual emission allocations at national level till 2020. implementing action is finalised (previous ID 5) 19 5 Regulation (EU) 2018/842 on binding annual greenhouse gas emission No change, new name (previous ID6) reductions by Member States from 2021 to 2030 contributing to climate action to meet commitments under the Paris Agreement 6 Law no. 220/2008 on establishing the promotion system for the No change (previous ID7) production of energy from renewable energy sources, amended and completed by Law no. 139/2010 7 Law no. 121/2014 on energy efficiency No change (previous ID8) 8 GD no. 1076/2021 for approval of the 2021-2030 Integrated National No change, New name (previous ID Energy and Climate Plan (PNIESC) 9) 9 GD no. 203/2019 approving the Fourth National Action Plan for Energy No change (previous ID 13) Efficiency (NAPEE 2017 - 2020) 10 Romania's National Recovery and Resilience Plan (PNRR) Moved from WAM scenario to WEM scenario - GD no. 1069/2007 approving the National Energy Strategy for 2007- Not included in the projection 2020 scenario and PaMs tabel - implementing action is finalised (previous ID 10)* 12 National Energy Strategy for 2019 - 2030 period, with the perspective No change (previous ID 11) of 2050 - GD no. 122/2015 aproving the National Action Plan for Energy Expired, replaced by GD no. Efficiency (NAPEE III) 203/2019, not included in the projection scenario and PaMs table, (previous ID 12) - National Action Plan for Energy from Renewable Energy Sources Expired, not included in the projection scenario and PaMs table (previous ID 14) 13 GEO no. 64/2011 on the geological storage of carbon dioxide, approved No change (previous ID 15) by Law no. 114/2013 14 GD no. 1090/2013 for establishing measures to apply Commission No change (previous ID 16) Regulations (EU) no. 327/2011, no. 206/2012 and no. 547/2012, implementing Directive 2009/125/EC establishing a framework for the setting of ecodesign requirements for energy-related products 15 GD no. 219/2007 on the promotion of cogeneration based on useful No change (previous ID 17) heat demand, amended by GD no. 846/2015 - GD no. 462/2006 for the approval of the “Heating 2006-2020 heat and Expired, replaced by GEO no. comfort” National Program 53/2019, not included in the projection scenario and PaMs table (previous ID 18) 16 GEO no. 53/2019 for the approval of the multiannual program for No change (previous ID 19) financing investments for the modernization, rehabilitation, refurbishment and extension of the district heating system 17 Law no. 123/2012 on electricity and natural gas No change (previous ID 20) Comparing with previous submission, the WEM projection scenario considered the latest historical inventory data, as a baseline data for projection, and one cross-sectoral key PaM, previously included in WAM projection scenario - Romania's National Recovery and Resilience Plan, aiming to ensure the green transition by decarbonisation of the energy sector and by promoting the production of electricity from renewable sources, energy efficiency and future technologies. 20 Transport The transport activity holds an important role in the support of the economic and social development of Romania, in close correlation with the energy/fuel consumption and the GHG emissions. The evolution of this economic activity sector indicates a significant increase of the number of vehicles registered in Romania. Therefore, is necessary to adopt the adequate measures leading to the decoupling of GHG emissions in the transport sector in relation to the economic growth, aiming to ensure sustainable development. The objective in the Transport area is the development of a sustainable system improving social cohesion, access in peripheral areas, the reduction of environmental impact, including the reduction of GHG emissions, promoting economic competitiveness through the improvement of the infrastructure, ensuring an optimal fuel mix, as well as the use of biofuels from renewable plants and the use of information and communication technology to increase the efficiency of the sector. The reduction of the CO2 emissions generated by transport shall be carried out through an integrated, cost- efficient approach, combining innovation in the automobile propulsion technology area and the use of biofuels with the efforts made by the decisional factors and consumers on taking a new attitude in terms of the development of the economic sector. The technical and financial options, competitiveness and, not lastly, social impact shall be considered in establishing the balance between the demand for mobility and the environmental protection requirements. Romania’s Sustainable Development Strategy 2030, approved by GD no. 877/2018, within the Objective 9 Industry, innovation and infrastructure establishes the following 2030 national targets that directly influence the GHG emissions related to the Transport sector: • Modernize and develop quality, viable, sustainable and powerful regional and cross-border infrastructure, in order to support economic development and human well-being, with a focus on fair and equitable access by all • Improve road safety. In order to meet the target of 10% renewable energy share in the national energy final consumption in transports by 2020, considering the provisions of Directive 2003/30/EC and of Directive 2009/28/EC, transposed at national level by GEO no. 80/2018 for laying down the conditions for placing on the market gasoline and diesel fuel, introducing a mechanism for monitoring and reducing greenhouse gas emissions and laying down calculation and reporting methods for reducing greenhouse gas emissions and for amending and supplementing the Law no. 220/2008 on establishing the system for promoting the production of energy from renewable energy sources, the suppliers have the following obligations concerning the fuels placed on the market: • Diesel: o Biofuel content of at least 6.5% of the total volume traded in a calendar year • Gasoline: o Till 31 December 2018, minimum 4.5 % volume-based biofuel content o From 1 January 2019, gasoline with a biofuel content of at least 8% of the total volume marketed to final consumers in a calendar year. In accordance with the provisions of the same decision, the GHG emissions savings due to the use of biofuels and bioliquids, in comparison with GHG emissions from fossil fuels, shall be at least: 21 • 60% for biofuels and bioliquids produced in installations starting operation after 5 Octomber 2015 • 50% for biofuels and bioliquids produced in installations in operation on or before 5 Octomber 2015. The General Transport Master Plan (GTMP), approved by GD no. 666/2016 (in force starting with 4.10.2016), as a planning strategic instrument for major investments in the transport sector that has the environmental strategic objective to develop a modern transport infrastructure considering the environmental effects, defines the following specific environmental objectives: • Promotion transport investment projects contributing to the sustainable transport system performance, with measures to avoid and reduce negative effects, such as: air pollution emissions; noise pollution in urban areas and, on heavy traffic routes; water and soil pollution due to diffuse sources; impact on landscape and cultural heritage • Reduction GHG emissions from the transport sector • Protection the population’s health by improving environmental and transport safety conditions • Decrease the impact on biodiversity by ensuring measures for protection and preservation of biodiversity and ensuring the coherence of the national network of natural protected areas. The Investment Program for the Development of Transport Infrastructure for the period 2021-2030, approved by GD no. 1312/2021, updating the GTMP implementation strategy and specifying the needs for the development of the transport infrastructure in Romania (6,624.1 km of road network -highways, expressways, transregions, bypasses, of which 2,900.5 km primary network and 3,723.6 km secondary network). For the railway network, the program envisages the construction of 3,274.8 km primary network and 1,228 km secondary railway network. The Program develops the strategy to ensure the necessary financing for the 10 years of implementation, starting from the correlation of the main sources of financing available to Romania: PNRR, POT 2021-2027, Connecting Europe Facility (CEF 2.0) and national budget. Strategy for the development of railway infrastructure 2021-2025, approved by GD no. 985/2020, detailing the general strategy presented through the GTMP for the railway field. The Strategy identifies a series of strategic actions and priority measures for the modal balancing of the national transport system and for the reduction of the total costs supported by the national economy for ensuring mobility of people and goods. The Action Program for the development of railway infrastructure and the modal transfer to the railway of passenger and freight transport flows, approved by GD no. 1302/2021, including for the reference period 2021- 2026: • Measures to increase the railway freight traffic, by at least 25% until 2026 compared to 2020 • Specific measures in order to achieve the objective of increasing the number of passengers in railway transport, by an average of 25% compared to the reference level of 2021 • Measures to increase the use of newly purchased rolling stock • Passenger transfer measures from bus/minibus transport to railway transport. The Fourth National Action Plan for Energy Efficiency (NAPEE 2017 - 2020), approved by GD no. 203/2019, proposes significant measures to improve energy efficiency in the Transport sector, comparing with NAPEE III, by increasing the energy savings (by 6.2%). The potential energy savings in this sector in 2020, of 0.4127 Mtoe, are mainly based on the renewal of the cars fleet - cars and goods vehicles (0.200 Mtoe) and alternative mobility (0.165 Mtoe). 22 The 2021-2030 Integrated National Energy and Climate Plan, approved by GD no. 1076/2021, involves implementation of the following measures in order to achieve the targets established at national level, with direct implications for the transport sector: Decarbonisation dimension: • Decarbonisation of the transport sector, through Priority development and fostering the use of rail transport for transportation of passengers (to the detriment of road transport) and its intermodal integration with other modes of transport • Promotion of use of renewable energy in transport (RES-T) Energy Efficiency dimension: • Developing and promoting alternative mobility and renewing the vehicle stock. For the 2021-2030 period, according with the 2021-2030 Integrated National Energy and Climate Plan, the Transport sector could contribute together with Industry and the Residential sectors to the achievement of the energy efficiency target (cumulative value of energy savings in the period of 10.12 Mtoe), in approximately equal shares (each with a percentage of 29%), by renewing the fleet, modernisation of urban and rail public transport, encouraging alternative mobility and promoting the use of electric vehicles. PNRR, Component 4 Transport, aiming to develop the transport infrastructure to optimise travel speed, avoid traffic jams, improve the quality of services, reduce the impact on the environment and human health, as well as drastically reduce the number of road accidents. The implementation of the measures aims to discourage the use of polluting vehicles and to transfer the road traffic (passengers and goods) to railway transport untill 2026, compared to 2020. PNRR, Component 10 Local Fu