Climă/Teme de date INSPIRE (în conformitate cu anexele la Directiva 2007/2/CE ) / 2023_Romania_PaMs technical report.pdf

Romania’s Technical report on greenhouse gas policies and measures was prepared in collaboration with: Beia Consult International ▪ Dr. Mihaela BĂLĂNESCU (coordinator); ▪ Drd. Andreea BĂDICU; ▪ Dr. George SUCIU; ▪ Cătălin SURU; ▪ Dr. Cristina BĂLĂCEANU; ▪ Adrian PASAT; ▪ Lucian NECULA. Institute for Studies and Power Engineering ▪ Dr. Claudia TOMESCU; ▪ Dr. Anca POPESCU; ▪ Irene SAMOILĂ; ▪ Dr. Marian DOBRIN; ▪ Dr. Valentin RUSU; ▪ Camelia VASILE; ▪ Gloria POPESCU; ▪ Ileana CONSTATINESCU. University of Agronomic Sciences and Veterinary Medicine of Bucharest ▪ Dr. Dana-Cătălina POPA; ▪ Dr. Vasilica STAN; ▪ Dr. Răzvan POPA. National Research and Development Institute for Cryogenic and Isotopic Technologies ▪ Dr. chem. Mihaela Iordache; ▪ Felicia BUCURA; ▪ Dr. Marius CONSTANTINESCU. National Institute for Research and Development in Forestry “Marin Drăcea” ▪ Dr. Raul-Gheorghe RADU; ▪ Mihai HAPA; ▪ Ștefan PETREA. National Research and Development Institute for Soil Science, Agrochemistry and Environment ▪ Dr. eng. Olga Vizitiu (ICPA) Ministry of Environment, Waters and Forests ▪ Gherghița NICODIM – Head of the Climate Strategies and Reporting Department; ▪ Tudor CULIC – Senior Counsellor; ▪ Maria FAINĂ - Senior Counsellor; ▪ Evelina-Floriana DASCĂLU - Senior Counsellor; ▪ Laurențiu RADU – Principal Counsellor; ▪ Maria-Claudia AARON-ANDRIEȘ - Counsellor for European Affairs; ▪ Ioana-Maria VASILIU - Counsellor for European Affairs. Romanian Ministry of Environment, Waters and Forests Libertății Boulevard 12, District 5, Bucharest, Romania E-mail: [email protected] Internet: www.mmediu.ro Phone: +4021 408 9542 1 LIST OF FIGURES Figure 3-1 PaMs analysis. LULUCF sector.................................................................................................................................... 11 LIST OF TABLES Table 3-2 Multi-sectoral policies and measures, WEM projection scenario ............................................................................. 14 Table 3-3 Contribution of multi-sectoral PaMs, including changes compared to previous submission .................................... 15 Table 3-4 Energy industry - Contribution of PAMs, including changes compared to previous submission .............................. 18 Table 3-5 Transport sector- Contribution of PaMs, including changes compared to previous submission .............................. 23 Table 3-6 Other sectors - Contribution of PaMs, including changes compared to previous submission .................................. 26 Table 3-7 IPPU sector - Contribution of PaMs, including changes compared to previous submission ..................................... 29 Table 3-8 Agriculture sector - Contribution of PAMs, including changes compared to previous submission ........................... 33 Table 3-9 Waste sector - Contribution of PaMs, including changes compared to previous submission ................................... 41 Table 3-10 Contribution of PAMs to WAM scenario, including changes compared to previous submission ............................ 47 Table 3-11 Total GHG emissions (including LULUCF) in the 3 scenarios, period 2020-2050 ..................................................... 58 Table 3-12 Total GHG emissions (without LULUCF) in the 3 scenarios, period 2020-2050 ....................................................... 58 Table 3-13 Contribution of the implementation of policies and measures in WEM scenario................................................... 59 Table 3-14 Contribution of the implementation of policies and measures in WAM scenario .................................................. 59 2 CUPRINS 1. Updates relevant to the long-term strategies referred to in point (b) of Annex VI to Regulation (EU) 2018/1999 3 1.1 Objective and a short description of the update carried out .....................................................................3 1.2 Legal status of the low-carbon development strategy and of its update ..................................................3 1.3 Changes and expected impacts of the update on the implementation of the low-carbon development strategy ...................................................................................................................................................................4 1.4 Timeline and a description of the progress for the implementation of the low-carbon development strategy and of its update, and where available, an assessment of the projected costs and benefits associated with the update ......................................................................................................................................................5 1.5 Manner in which the information is made available to the public pursuant to Article 10 of Regulation (EU) 2018/1999 on the Governance of the Energy Union and Climate Action ......................................................6 2. Planned additional policies and measures referred to in point (d) of Annex VI to Regulation (EU) 2018/1999 6 2.1 Transport ....................................................................................................................................................7 2.2 Energy consumption ...................................................................................................................................7 2.3 Agriculture ..................................................................................................................................................7 2.4 Land Use, Land-Use Change and Forestry (LULUCF) ..................................................................................7 2.5 Waste..........................................................................................................................................................8 3. Links between different policies and measures and the contribution of those policies and measures to different projection scenarios, as referred to in point (e) of Annex VI to Regulation (EU) 2018/1999 .....................9 3.1 Information on WEM projection scenario ............................................................................................... 13 3.2 Information on WAM projection scenario .............................................................................................. 43 3.3 Qualitative information regarding the links between policies and measures reported and their contribution to the achievement of low-carbon development strategy ............................................................ 58 3 1. Updates relevant to the long-term strategies referred to in point (b) of Annex VI to Regulation (EU) 2018/1999 1.1 Objective and a short description of the update carried out The National Climate Change and Low Carbon Green Growth Strategy (CC/LCGG ) for period 2016 – 2030, with a long term vision, approved by the GD no. 739/2016, is still in force in Romania. It includes a roadmap for 2050 and establishes the country’s operational objectives for GHG emissions mitigation and climate change adaptation. For GHG emissions reduction, the National CC/LCGG Strategy adopted quantifiable targets in line with EU 2030 climate and energy framework targets (40% reduction of GHG emissions compared to 1990 levels, improving the energy efficiency with 27% and a renewable energy target of at least 27% of energy consumption). To be in line with the European and international goals (Fit for 55 under the Green Deal objectives and in line with the Paris Agreement), the strategic documents and plans are in different stages of elaboration and adoption in Romania: the Long Term Strategy for greenhouse gas emissions reduction (LTS), Climate Change Adaptation Strategy and its Implementation Plan, or National Energy and Climate Plan (NECP) revision. LTS is developed with financial support received from DG REFORM, by accessing the EU technical support instrument (TSI). The work is in progress, advancing to zero draft version and envisages a publicly consultation until the end of April 2023. In conjunction with the LTS developing, the project mentioned above delivers elements that will support the updating of the NECP. The revision of the Climate Change Adaptation Strategy is in final stage, to be sent in transparency procedure and made publicly available for institutional approval and opened for further comments, if still will be provided by different stakeholders. 1.2 Legal status of the low-carbon development strategy and of its update The National CC/LCGG Strategy for period 2016 – 2030 is approved by the Government Decision no. 739/2016, and the Strategy is still in force in Romania. It will be replaced by the Long-Term Strategy for greenhouse gas emissions reduction. The Governance of LTS is the Government responsibility, under the Ministry of Environment Waters and Forestry coordination at this moment. To prevent the delay in climate area decision-making, the institutional arrangements started to be improved. As such, through the Government Decision nr. 563/2022 it was decided the constitution of Inter-ministerial Committee for Climate Change (CISC) and its functioning rules. CISC is a political body, having consultative role, as follows: • it analyzes and proposes solutions to ensure consistency of the national policies with the country commitments at the level of European Union, United Nations and other international organizations • it monitors the progress made by the Romanian institutions in respect of the policies implementation. 4 Coordination of the CISC is ensured, as follows: the President of CISC is the Prime Minister of the Romanian Government; CISC has also three Vice-presidents: the Chancellor of the Prime Minister Chancellery, the Minister of the Ministry of Environment, Waters and Forests and the Head of Climate and Sustainability Department within the Presidential Administration. The members of CISC are the representatives of public institutions that develop and implement policies with impact in the field of climate in Romania, related to both, adaptation to the climate change effects, as well as the GHG emissions reduction, as follows: • ministers or designated state secretaries of the ministries, including representatives of the Presidential Administration and Government Departments • leaders of other important national authorities, agencies, institutes (e.g., Meteorological Administration, National Statistics Institute, Commission for Strategies and Prognosis, etc.) • working groups at expert level could be initiated. To support the CISC’s activity there are in progress arrangements for a new governance structure and a monitoring mechanism for LTS and NECP implementation. A coordination department at Government level will be installed (Department for Climate and Energy Transition), having the main responsibility of monitoring the LTS elaboration and NECP revision and their implementation. This department will ensure the relation with the implementing institutions, civil society and CISC. It will be established within the Government, directly subordinated to the Prime Minister and the key responsibilities will be to: • Contributes to the definition and implementation of national policies in the field of climate and energy transition, with the responsible ministries • Collaborate with relevant government stakeholders (including the Inter-Ministerial Committee on Climate Change - CISC, Ministry of Energy, Ministry of Environment, Water and Forests, etc.) on climate change and energy transition issues • Monitors, reviews and updates the NECP and LTS, being also responsible for the scenarios modelling. 1.3 Changes and expected impacts of the update on the implementation of the low- carbon development strategy The main effect of the LTS elaboration and establishing the 2050 goal and its achieving path, is the revision of the 2030 NECP targets consistently with the LTS path and 2050 goal. For the LTS elaboration purpose, Romania developed three long term scenarios, the least ambitious being the one which ensures the Fit for 55 targets implementation at national level. Any other approached scenario for the LTS will involve higher targets for the Romanian NECP than those established through the EU Fit for 55 package. The other two developed scenarios resulted in a 99% GHG emission reductions in 2050 in comparison with 1990 level, for the most ambitious one and a 94% GHG emission reductions for the middle developed scenario. 5 1.4 Timeline and a description of the progress for the implementation of the low- carbon development strategy and of its update, and where available, an assessment of the projected costs and benefits associated with the update A first version of the Romanian LTS will be publicly available for consultation at the beginning of April 2023. The notification of the Romanian LTS is planned for the end of this month. This will be subject of review since it will be submitted for strategic environmental assessment procedure and public debate. The progress made through implementation of Romania's current Strategy on Climate Change (HG 739/2016) can be quantified in achievement of the greenhouse gas emission reduction targets, in accordance with Decision no. 406/2009/CE for effort sharing among EU member states, as well as the Romanian contribution to the joint achievement of the EU targets under the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change and Kyoto Protocol. According to Decision no. 406/2009/CE, for the period 2013 – 2020, Romania’s target for 2020 was to limit its GHG emissions in the non-ETS sectors to +19% in comparison with 2005 GHG emissions level, following a mandatory trajectory given by the allocated annual emissions. Romania's situation regarding its compliance with the annual allocations and the 2020 target provided by the Decision no. 406/2009/EC is presented below: Year Annual allocations Realized emissions Surplus (t CO2 eq) (t CO2 eq) (t CO2 eq) 2013 75 630 005.00 72 718 616.00 2 911 389.00 2014 77 452 128.00 72 534 134.00 7 829 383.00 2015 79 274 251.00 74 555 379.00 12 548 255.00 2016 81 096 375.00 73 123 042.00 20 521 588.00 2017 84 055 283.00 75 363 245.00 29 213 626.00 2018 85 973 339.00 77 639 310.00 37 547 655.00 2019 87 891 395.00 75 211 340.00 50 227 710.00 2020 89 809 451.00 77 123 535.00 62 913 626.00 The above presented figures show that Romania has reached its commitments in the non-ETS sectors for 2020, accounting at the end of the compliance period a surplus of approx. 62 Mt CO2 eq. At the same time, Romania reached its target for renewable energy share in the total final energy consumption of 24%, accounting for this area in 2020 a share of 24.48%. The share of biofuels in gasoline and diesel should have been 10%, the result obtained in these areas in 2020 being slightly below this commitment, around 9%. The indicative energy efficiency target assumed by Romania regarding the reduction of primary energy consumption was 43 Mtoe by 2020, while the final energy consumption was not supposed to exceed 30.3 Mtoe. The result obtained by Romania for the primary energy consumption was 30.9 Mtoe, while for the final energy 6 consumption was 23.5 Mtoe, in accordance with the European Commission Report on the achievement of energy efficiency targets. These results indicate the achievement of the energy efficiency targets well over commitments. 1.5 Manner in which the information is made available to the public pursuant to Article 10 of Regulation (EU) 2018/1999 on the Governance of the Energy Union and Climate Action The National CC/LCGG Strategy is available at the following the link: http://www.mmediu.ro/categorie/strategia- cresc/117, http://www.mmediu.ro/categorie/planul-national-de-actiune-privind-schimbarile-climatice-2016- 2020/122. The public consultations are carried out in line with the United Nations Economic Commission for Europe (UNECE) Convention on Access to Information, Public Participation in Decision-making and Access to Justice in Environmental Matters of 25 June 1998 (” Aarhus convention”), as well as with article 10 provisions of Regulation (EU) 2018/1999 on the Governance of the Energy Union and Climate Action. The responsible Romanian institutions aim to ensure equal participation, public information and notification, making available for access all the relevant documents, facilitating the necessary arrangements for the public's participation. Local authorities, civil society organizations, the business community, investors and other relevant stakeholders had and will have the possibility to express their different options for energy and climate policies that will be included in the NECP and LTS. The consultation and regional cooperation ensure the effective achievement of the objectives of the Energy Union in a cost/optimal manner. Other Member States' have the opportunity to comment on integrated national energy and