Raport România 2009 - 2012

ion rates? 7.3.1. Please specify the nature of these incentives. In Romania, the new National Education Law creates a favourable environment for increased funding for education providing compulsory allocation from the state budget of 6% of GDP for education, in addition to educational institutions' own revenues. There are also several ongoing strategic projects that will eventually increase the student completion rates. One of them is Quality and Leadership in Romanian higher education - which seeks to define the vision 2025. Another one is the Romanian Higher Education Improvement Project on University Management. In Romania, the implementation of the Bologna system, and creation and implementation of the National Qualifications Register, facilitating the recognition of periods of study completed at other universities, applying Gravier regarding the access of EU students in Romanian universities, actions completed or underway, all will facilitate and increase student mobility, that will eventually improve also the student completion rate. 7.3.2. Are there any other incentives (e.g. it is a subject covered in external quality assurance procedures)? 8. STUDENT SERVICES While higher education institutions offer multiple services, in the following questions, the focus lies on academic guidance services, career guidance services and psychological counselling services. 8.1. What kind of student services are commonly provided by higher education institutions? Academic guidance services Career guidance services 4  Psychological counselling services Other No services 8.1.1. Please specify. Student camps 8.2. Who are the main users of the services? 8.2.1. Please specify. 8.3. Please provide the main source(s) of funding. Own HE funds and funds from the state budget 8.4. What are the main tasks of the services? Student camps, counselling, career and psychological counselling, academic guidance 8.5. Please provide any additional relevant comments for consideration regarding your national policies to widen participation. 9. Do you want to answer this section now or later? 10. Does your country's higher education policy focus on promoting the flexible provision of higher education (e.g. changing the intensity of study programmes according to personal circumstance through part-time study, distance learning and e-learning)? 10.1. Please provide details of specific policy measures. National Law of Education nr 1/2011, art. 139- Forms of organization of programs of study are: a) full time, characterized by learning activities and / or research activities scheduled throughout the day, specific to each university cycle, distributed weekly and daily during the semester and assuming direct meeting in the campus of students with teaching and research staff; b) without frequency, mainly characterized by the dedicated work of synthesis and preparation courses, application, compactly and regularly scheduled, direct meeting involving the campus of students with teaching staff, supplemented by other means of specific training distance education; c) distance learning, characterized by the use of electronic resources, information and specific communication, self-directed learning activities and self-tutoring specific activities. 11. Does your country's policy on flexible provision of higher education contain a special focus linked to the goal of widening participation for underrepresented groups? 11.1. Please explain how higher education policy aims to attain this goal. By providing financial support/scholarships 12. Are there regulations or other policy measures regarding the relationship between employers and higher education institutions in fostering flexible learning? 13. Please provide details of these measures. 5 Upcoming methodology and steering documents are in working process 14. Please describe up to five main access routes to higher education (including, but not limited to, entry with a school leaving certificate, entry with a vocational education certificate, entry without formal certification) and, if possible, provide approximate percentages of students entering through this route in parenthesis (). If less than five main routes exist, please write "n/a" in the remaining fields. Route 1: = N/A Route 2: = N/A Route 3: = N/A Route 4: = N/A Route 5: = N/A 15. Do higher education regulations and steering documents promote flexible entry to higher education, e.g. through alternative access routes? 15.1. Please briefly describe these measures. Upcoming methodology and steering documents are in working process 16. PART-TIME STUDY 16.1. In your country, is there any official status other than full-time student? 16.1.1. If yes, what formal status does exist? N/A yet. Upcoming methodology and steering documents are in working process 16.1.2. How do you define it? N/A 16.1.3. What are the reasons for offering a different student status? N/A 16.1.4. How are these students treated differently (e.g. fees, student support, etc.)? N/A 16.1.5. Please describe the most common understanding/concept of part-time studies. 16.2. In your country, do you have an explicit policy to encourage part-time study provision by higher education institutions? 16.2.1. Please describe briefly the main elements and provide the source. 6 Upcoming methodology and steering documents are in working process 16.3. Which one of the following statements best describes the current situation in your country? 16.3.1. Please specify Upcoming methodology and steering documents are in working process 17. RECOGNITION OF PRIOR LEARNING 17.1. In your country, is there a legislation regulating recognition of prior non-formal and informal learning? 17.1.1. How does your legislation in higher education define prior learning? Upcoming methodology and steering documents are in working process 17.1.2. Do your steering documents in higher education define prior learning? 17.1.3. How do your steering documents in higher education define prior learning? 17.2. In your country, apart from formal learning, what can be taken into account and recognised as prior learning in higher education? Prior non-formal learning (e.g. various non-certified courses) Prior informal learning (e.g. work experience) Other: N/A yet. Upcoming methodology and steering documents for this issue are in working process 17.3. Prior learning as defined by your steering documents can … be used to gain admission to a higher education study programme be taken into account as partial fulfilment of a higher education study programme (e.g. to reduce the required amount of courses to be taken/credits to be gained) Other: N/A yet. Upcoming methodology and steering documents for this issue are in working process 17.4. Based on your steering documents or legislation, can applicants for higher education have prior non-formal or informal learning assessed and recognised? 17.5. If recognition of prior non-formal or informal learning is permitted by legislation but is not a right, is it: 17.6. What measures are in place to ensure that assessment of learning is based on reliable and valid evidence? Upcoming methodology 17.7. Is institutional practice in recognition of prior learning explicitly included in the quality assurance processes used to evaluate institutions and/or programmes? 7 17.8. Please provide any additional relevant comments for consideration regarding flexibility of higher education studies. Upcoming methodology and steering documents are in working process 8 Part 2.2 BFUG Data Collection on student contributions and support 1. STUDENT FEES AND CONTRIBUTIONS The focus of the questions is on students, and is not limited to full-time daytime students. Furthermore, all first and second cycle students are included. Third cycle students are excluded except when explicitly mentioned. Similarly, the focus is on home students or equivalent. International students are only included when explicitly mentioned. 1.1. Do you want to answer this section now or later? 2. In your country, does any higher education home student at a public higher education institution have to pay a fee of any kind? Contributions to student unions are not included! 3. In which currency are contributions to higher education institutions and other study costs paid in your country? Romanian currency ”Lei” for Romanian students/ EUR for foreign students 4. In principle, which home students at public higher education institutions have to pay fees? During studies All students Specific groups of students No answer After studies All students Specific groups of students No answer 4.1. Which main exemptions to this principle exist in your country? 4.2. Which of the following criteria determine whether a student has to pay fees? Need Merit Part-time/Full-time/Distance learning Field of study 5. With regard to fees, are home students in the second cycle treated differently to those in the first cycle? 5.1. In principle, which second cycle students at public higher education institutions have to pay fees? During studies All students Specific groups of students No answer After studies All students Specific groups of students No answer 5.2. What main exemptions to this principle exist in your country? 5.3. Which of the following criteria determine whether a student has to pay fees? 1  Need Merit Part-time/Full-time/Distance learning Field of study 6. What is the minimum, maximum and most common amount of fees payable by home students in the first cycle? Please multiply any annual fees (including registration, tuition, administration, graduation and other fees) by the most common length of programmes in this cycle and add fees to be paid only once to that amount. Minimum amount = According to each HE institution policy Maximum amount = According to each HE institution policy Most common amount = Approximately 1000 EUR/ year for non budgeted places given by Ministry of Education. For budgeted places there are no fees at all (according the National Educational Law no 1/2011) 6.1. Which home students pay the minimum and the maximum amount in the first cycle? (e.g. students in certain subjects, students in need, students with good academic performance, part-time students, other…) According to each HE institution policy 6.2. Please provide the percentage of students paying the minimum and the maximum amount in the first cycle. If precise data are not available, please provide an estimate. Not applicable 7. What is the minimum, maximum and most common amount of fees payable by home students in the second cycle? Please multiply any annual fees (including registration, tuition, administration, graduation and other fees) by the most common length of programmes in this cycle and add fees to be paid only once to that amount. Minimum amount = According to each HE institution policy Maximum amount = According to each HE institution policy Most common amount = Approximately 2000 EUR/ year for non budgeted places given by Ministry of Education. For budgeted places there are no fees at all (according the National Educational Law no 1/2011) 7.1. Which home students pay the minimum amount in the second cycle? (e.g. students in certain subjects, students in need, students with good academic performance, part-time students, other…) According to each HE institution policy 7.2. Which home students pay the maximum amount in the second cycle? (e.g. students in certain subjects, students in need, students with good academic performance, part-time students, other…) According to each HE institution policy 7.3. Please provide the (approximate) percentage of students paying the minimum and the maximum amount in the second cycle. If precise data are not available, please provide an estimate. Not applicable 8. Concerning fees, are international students treated differently in your country from home students? 8.1. What is the minimum, maximum and most common amount of fees (including registration, tuition, administration and graduation fees) payable by international students in the first cycle? 2 Minimum amount = According to each HEI policy Maximum amount = According to each HEI policy Most common amount = According to each HEI policy 8.2. According to your country's steering documents, students from which countries are considered international students? UE/EEA Law of Education No.1/2011 Art. 142 (4) Any candidate from the member states of the European Union, from the European Economic Space and from the Swiss Confederation may take the admission exam for a public, private or confessional higher education for each educational cycle and program, in the same conditions provided by law for the Romanian citizens, as well as the tuition is concerned, too. 9. Who defines the fee amounts for any student in the first cycle? Each higher education institution defines its own fees Higher education institutions can define their fees, but there are limits set by the central/regional authority Higher education institutions can define their fees, but they have to be approved by the central/regional authority Central/regional authority defines the value range of fees 10. Who defines the fee amounts for any student in the second cycle? Each higher education institution defines its own fees Higher education institutions can define their fees, but there are limits set by the central/regional authority Higher education institutions can define their fees, but they have to be approved by the central/regional authority Central/regional authority defines the value range of fees 11. Do students have to pay compulsory contributions to student unions/representations? 11.1. Please provide the payable amounts and explain differences between cycles and students, where they exist. 12. Do you want to answer this section now or later? 12.1. Please identify the main focus of your country's student support system. The methodology for implementation of the Law 1/2011 is in working process 12.2. The following questions deal with public grants and loans separately. If there is a combined system of grants and loans in your country, please provide information about your system here. In this case, please still answer the questions on grants/scholarships and loans, keeping in mind the relevant parts of your combined system. The methodology for implementation of the Law 1/2011 is in working process 3 13. PUBLIC GRANTS AND SCHOLARSHIPS 13.1. Does any student receive public financial support in the form of grants and/or scholarships? Law of Education No.1 /2011 Art. 222 (1) The public high education system is free, for the amount of students approved by the government, and charged, in the limits of the Law. 13.2. Which first cycle students are eligible for grants and/or scholarships? 13.2.1. Which groups of students receive grants and/or scholarships? Need-based Merit-based Part-time/Full-time/Distance learning Field of study 13.2.2. What percentage of first cycle students receives a grant and/or scholarship? 25 13.3. What is the minimum, maximum and most common value of grants/scholarships available to first cycle students in higher education? Minimum = 300 EUR/ year Maximum = 1000 EUR/ year Most common = - 13.4. Which second cycle students are eligible to receive grants and/or scholarships? - 13.4.1. Which groups of students receive grants and/or scholarships? Need Merit Part-time/Full-time/Distance learning Field of study 13.4.2. What percentage of second cycle students receives a grant and/or scholarship? 25 13.4.3. What is the minimum, maximum and most common value of grants/scholarships available to second cycle students in higher education? 300 EUR/ year, 1000 EUR/ year 13.5. What percentage of all students receives a grant and/or scholarship? 4 25 14. STUDENT LOANS 14.1. In your country, can any student take out publicly subsidised or guaranteed loans to cover their expenses of higher education studies? 14.2. Are all first cycle students eligible to receive loans? 14.2.1. On what criteria are the groups of first cycle students eligible for loans differentiated? Need-based criteria Merit-based criteria Full-time, part-time, distant learners, etc. Field of studies Based on cycle the student is enrolled in 14.2.2. What is the minimum, maximum and most common value of loans that first cycle students receive? Please provide the amount per year. Minimum first cycle = 300 EUR/year Most common first cycle = 300 EUR/year Maximum first cycle = 1000 EUR/year 14.2.3.Are all second cycle students eligible to receive loans? 14.2.4. On what criteria are the groups of second cycle students eligible for loans differentiated? Need-based criteria Merit-based criteria Full-time, part-time, distant learners, etc. Field of studies Based on cycle the student is enrolled in 14.2.5. What is the minimum, maximum and most common value of loans that second