CFR Network Statement2026

          Compania Nationala de Cai Ferate “CFR” S.A.                                               Romania

Train Control Systems

(1) In order to increase the commercial speed at the level of the CFR network, there are also included in the modernization projects works for implementing the European Railway Traffic Management System/European Train Control System (ERTMS/ETCS), both on-track and on-board, with the direct and indirect benefits that it brings to the train traffic with a view to increasing the speed, safety and traffic capacity. (2) The trackside Control-Command and Signalling Subsystem - CCS, equipped with ERTMS equipment, ensures the interoperability of the trans-European railway system. The characteristics of the control-command and signalling systems are the following: 1. the functions that are crucial for the safe control of the railway traffic, and for its operation, including those necessary for the emergency conditions; 2. the interfaces; 3. the level of performance necessary to meet the essential requirements.

(3) The CCS Subsystem includes the following components: 1. train protection; 2. radio voice communications; 3. radio data communications; 4. train detection. (4) The CCS Subsystem includes the following equipment:

• - Equipment of the European Train Control System (ETCS) Level 2;
• - Equipment of the Global System for Mobile Communications – Railway (GSM-R).

By means of a voice network and a data network, GSM-R ensures the connection between the trackside ETCS Level 2 equipment and the on-board mobile ETCS equipment. The trackside ETCS Level 2 and GSM-R equipment consists of traffic safety systems, and with its help there are transmitted to the locomotive drivers from the traction vehicles equipped with on-board ERTMS equipment (OBU) information regarding:

• - the Movement Authority;
• - the train speed depending on the track characteristics (set speed, reduced speed, speed

limitations, speed restrictions, gradient, free or occupied status of the detection systems, etc.), respectively on the train characteristics (category, length, weight, brake type, braking percentage, etc.);

• - the stopping order.

The trackside ETCS Level 2 equipment includes Eurobalises, and provides, in addition to the conditions for the INDUSI system, the following: a. a secure coding and communication system between the ground and the on-board equipment; b. the detection of any missing trackside equipment; c. an on-board computer system, designed on safety principles, for managing the braking curves.

The main element of the trackside ERTMS Level 2 is the Radio Block Centre - RBC, which operates in connection with the interlocking systems of the stations, and the line block systems using ETCS Level 2 and GSM-R for the train identification and the transfer of the driving parameters to the trains equipped with on- board ERTMS, by means of the “Movement Authority” (MA).

At present, the ERTMS system is mounted on two sections of the CFR Network, as follows:

• - Buftea - Brazi (certified);
• - Km.614 - Curtici (certified).

The ERTMS system is also being mounted on two other sections:

• - Sighisoara - Coslariu (the Sighisoara – Simeria Section);
• - Coslariu - Simeria (the Sighisoara – Simeria Section).

2026 CFR Network Statement            Version: 15.1.6                Section: Infrastructure              A Page
                                      Date:    29.05.2026                                                34 of 98