CFR Network Statement2026

             Compania Nationala de Cai Ferate “CFR” S.A.                                              Romania

Signalling Systems The Romanian railway infrastructure is equipped with two-speed step signalling systems, and multiple- speed step signalling systems, both types being equipped with additional signalling devices, as necessary. The indications of set or reduced speed are sent by the traffic lights, light signals, and indicators that are preceded by warning beacons, as necessary. The signals mainly cover the sectioning points, the level crossings (barriers), and the running line branches, and are usually placed on the right side of the line, in the running direction of the train or above the line axis. Depending on the signalling installations mounted in the stations and on the running lines, the following systems are used for organising the train traffic: a) the train traffic based on phone agreement – free way; b) the train traffic based on the Automatic Block Line (ABL);

c) the train traffic based on the dispatching installation; d) the interlocked management of the train traffic. The ABL traffic system is implemented on the main lines and on the lines with significant traffic. For the control of the correct perception, interpretation and application of the signal indications by the driver, the signalling installations are equipped with automatic train speed control (INDUSI with/or ETCS), in case of non-observance by the locomotive driver of the indications of the signals/authorization of movement. The INDUSI and ETCS systems ensures at least: a) the spot (INDUSI) or continuous (ETCS) control of the train speed depending on the train rank; b) the automatic braking of the train, if the driver is not watchful/does not respect the maximum imposed speed; The level crossings are signalled with the help of 1.195 automatic signalling installations with and without half-barriers (automatic half-barrier at level crossing, automatic signalling at level crossing).

The specific regulations regarding the signalling used on the Romanian railway infrastructure are set out in the Signalling Regulation No. 004/2006 (see Article 2.4). The arrangement of the traffic systems per traffic sections on the whole CFR network is set out on the map in Annex 2.c.

                                                                                          Traffic Control Systems
  The traffic control is performed with the help of the switch control installations that ensure the switch
  operation according to the necessary train traffic route.
  Most of the railway stations are equipped with interlocking systems, but there are also stations which are
  situated on low-traffic sections, and are equipped with key-operated switch and signal control systems.
  Their classification is the following:
           77 electronic interlocking systems
          15 electromechanical interlocking systems with computer-assisted control station
           559 electrodynamic interlocking systems
          39 electromechanical interlocking systems
           145 interlocking installations
           151 non-interlocking installations

The stations and the relevant type of interlocking systems are set out on the map in Annex 2.c.

2026 CFR Network Statement               Version: 15.1.6               Section: Infrastructure              A Page
                                         Date:    29.05.2026                                               32 of 98