Vezi raport EN

tual and mental disabilities, this remains a problem. • Discrimination against Roma continued to be a major problem. Groups of Roma complained of police harassment and brutality. Both the media and national and international observers reported social discrimination against Roma. • Hungarians continues to report cases of discrimination related mainly to the use of the Hungarian language. In several coun- ties with a significant share of Hungarian population, governmental institutions such as the public health directorates or the police inspectorates did not provide US Department of State – the on the following criteria: gender, disability information on COVID-19 precautions Human Rights Reports and HIV. There were also cases of discrim- and measures in Hungarian. ination against Roma and migrant workers. • There are still few official reports on incidents The Report mentions that NCCD is the govern- NCCD investigated cases of employment of discrimination against trade unions. It mental institution in charge with the enforcement discrimination both in the public and in is difficult to prove in court that employers of national and EU legislation against discrimi- the private sectors. During the COVID-19 laid off employees in retaliation for trade nation, under parliamentary control. pandemic, the media reported several union activities. The National Council cases of healthcare personnel discrimi- for Combatting Discrimination (NCCD) • According to observers, NCCD is equally nated by neighbours, and denied access to fined employers for anti-union discrimi- effective, although some criticised the lack local stores. Following the media reports, nation actions, although it does not have of efficiency and political independence of there was a wave of public support for the the capacity to order the reinstatement of the institution. healthcare staff involved. rights or other sanctions, and usually the • Discrimination in employment was based • Although the law bans the discrimination employee have to file an action in court ACTIVITY REPORT | 2020 55  The issue of discrimination in Romania as reflected by international reports to obtain the reinstatement of rights. The law bans public authorities, employers or organisation to interfere with, to limit or to prevent trade unions to mobilise, to develop internal regulations or to select representatives. Pursuant to law, women and men enjoy equal rights. Women were subject to acts of discrimi- nation in matters such as marriage, divorce, child custody, employment, loans, wages, ownership or administration of businesses or property, ed- ucation, legal proceedings and housing, access to pension and retirement rights. The law provides for equal pay for equal work, but there are wage differences between men and women of 3.5%, according to EU data. There was segregation FRA - Second survey on LGBTI Openness about being LGBTI by profession, with women overrepresented in persons in the EU • 81% of the participants in the survey avoid low paid jobs, and work-related discrimination often or always holding hands with their cases were reported. The online survey conducted by FRA at EU same-sex partner in Romania. For the level draws on 140,000 responses from across EU-28, it is 61%; 30 countries – the then 28 EU Member States • 44% in Romania avoid often or always https://www.state.gov/wp-content/uploads/2021/03/ (including the United Kingdom), Serbia and certain locations for fear of being assaulted. ROMANIA-2020-HUMAN-RIGHTS-REPORT.pdf North Macedonia. The results from the survey For the EU-28, it is 33%. present the largest international LGBTI survey • 25% are now often or always open about of its kind. being LGBT in Romania. For the EU-28, it is 47%. We present below the results of the survey con- ducted in Romania. ACTIVITY REPORT | 2020 56  The issue of discrimination in Romania as reflected by international reports Discrimination physical or sexual attacks. It is 14% across • 51% of LGBTI students (15-17 years old) in the EU-28. Romania say that in school someone often • 23% felt discriminated against at work in • 8% reported their discrimination expe- or always supported, defended or protected the year before the survey in Romania. riences to an equality body or another their rights as an LGBTI person. This was For the EU-28, it is 21%. organisation in Romania; for the EU-28, 48% in the EU-28. • Discrimination affects many areas of life, it is 11%. • 52% of LGBTI teenager respondents (15-17 such as going to a café, restaurant, hospital years old) in Romania say their peers or or to a shop. Overall, in Romania in 2019 Intolerance and prejudice teachers have often or always supported 45% felt discriminated against in at least LGBTI people. In the EU-28, this was 60%. one area of life in the year before the survey. • 50% in Romania say that LGBTI prejudice • 12% of LGBTI of teenager respondents (15- For the EU-28, it was 42%. and intolerance has dropped in their coun- 17 years old) in Romania say their school try in the last five years. It is 40% across education at some point addressed LGBTI Harassment & violence the EU-28. issues positively or in a balanced way. In • 25% in Romania say that prejudice and the EU-28, this was 33%. • 43% in Romania say they were harassed the intolerance have risen. This is 36% for year before the survey. The EU-28 is 38%. the EU-28. • 1 in 5 trans and intersex people were https://fra.europa.eu/sites/default/files/fra_up- physically or sexually attacked in the five 12% in Romania believe their national government loads/lgbti-survey-country-data_romania.pdf years before the survey, double that of effectively combats prejudice and intolerance other LGBTI groups. against LGBTI people. For the EU-28, it is 33%. • 15% in Romania had been attacked in the 5 years before the survey. For the EU-28, Schooling it is 11%. • Among young people (18-24), less people Reporting of hate-motivated (41%) hide being LGBT at school. In 2012, violence and discrimination it was 47%. • 44% of LGBTI students (15-17 years old) • 4% went to the police in Romania to report in Romania say were hiding being LGBTI at school. This was 30% in the EU-28. ACTIVITY REPORT | 2020 57  The issue of discrimination in Romania as reflected by international reports (approximately 15% of the 13,200 inhabitants are Roma), the village of Toflea (approximately 5,000 of the 6,000 inhabitants are Roma), and the Postă neighbourhood in the city of Buzău, with several thousand Roma inhabitants. In all these cases, the outbreaks of Covid-19 were associated with the relatively high number of persons returning from abroad in the first days of the pandemic. There is no information on how many of these persons were Roma. Țăndărei case was the most visible at national level, due to the size of the town and to the fact that the lockdown decision was made by the Government, and not at the county level. The case is mentioned in the April 2020 report of the National Agency for Roma, which signals the prevalent narrative that Roma returning from FRA - Implications of Lockdown abroad are to be blamed for the outbreaks. The COVID-19 pandemic situation in Țăndărei was presented in mass-me- In Romania, several localities were under lock- dia in racial terms. The main narrative, initiated on Roma and Travellers down, for various periods during the state of by a news agency, was that 800 Roma have re- communities emergency and state of alert, to confine outbreaks turned from abroad, brought the disease and are of Covid-19. Although there is no official data refusing isolation, being a threat for everybody. The report presents cases of discrimination of the specific situation of Roma in these local- The same narrative was presented on television, regarding the implications of the measures ities, there are a few cases where large Roma including prime-time television, prompting a adopted due to the COVID-19 pandemic on the communities were obviously affected, as shown public warning from the audio-visual arbiter, Roma and travellers communities in Romania. by media reports, such as the town of Țăndărei National Audiovisual Council. ACTIVITY REPORT | 2020 58  The issue of discrimination in Romania as reflected by international reports The narrative became viral on social media. that “Roma are currently in an extreme situation, A group of human rights NGOs voiced their One leading political sciences researcher and especially in terms of the risk of racial hatred concerns about the Roma minority becoming professor was sanctioned by the National fuelled by the media and the online environment. a scapegoat of the pandemic, quoting cases of Council for Combatting Discrimination The Agency submitted a series of complaints to alleged abusive behaviour by the Police, as well for distributing an image with racist content, the National Council for Combatting Dis- as many situations of discriminatory discourse related to the Țăndărei case. crimination but they highlight that “the online and hate speech in mass-media articles and environment continues to promote defamatory statements of public persons. Closure of schools articles and posts that contribute to creating a negative image of Roma, especially those returning Another group of civic NGOs expressed solidarity In Romania, all schools were closed for the period from abroad, considered as the main culprits for with the Roma community, showing several sit- of March-September 2020, a measure enacted by the spread of the virus in Romania”. uations when the local public authorities and/or the Government Decision on declaring the state mass-media have used racist arguments against of alert, and implemented through Order of the The FRA material mentions that the National poor communities affected by the pandemic. The Minister of Education. All students, including Council for Combatting Discrimination case of the city of Țăndărei is a vivid example university students, complete